When should the RTS/CTS protocol be enabled in a WLAN?

The RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) protocol is a mechanism used in wireless local area networks to reduce collisions between devices when they communicate. This protocol is especially beneficial in scenarios where there are higher chances of multiple devices attempting to transmit data simultaneously, which can lead to collisions, especially with large data frames.

Enabling RTS/CTS is advantageous when the network experiences high collision rates with large frames because it effectively allows a device to request permission to transmit. The device sends an RTS frame to inform all stations about its intention to transmit, which prompts them to defer their transmission until the medium is clear. After a successful transmission, the receiving station sends back a CTS frame, signaling that the channel is reserved for the sender. This two-step process helps to manage access to the channel, thus significantly reducing the likelihood of collisions.

In situations with small frames or when all stations are nearby, the overhead introduced by the RTS/CTS mechanism may outweigh its benefits, as the rapid communication doesn't typically lead to collisions. Utilizing RTS/CTS for improved signal strength is not applicable, as this protocol does not enhance the signal quality but rather manages data transmission to avoid collisions.