What spread spectrum technology does Bluetooth use?

Bluetooth utilizes frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) technology as part of its method for transmitting data. FHSS involves rapidly switching the carrier frequency among many different frequency channels, utilizing a predefined sequence known to both the transmitter and the receiver. This approach enhances resilience against interference and improves the security of the communication. By hopping between frequencies, Bluetooth can minimize the chance of collision and interference from other wireless signals operating in the same range, such as Wi-Fi or microwave ovens.

The implementation of FHSS allows Bluetooth devices to operate in crowded environments effectively. As a result, Bluetooth can maintain stable connections and achieve a level of performance and reliability essential for short-range communication.

In contrast, direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) is a different technique that spreads the signal over a wider bandwidth by multiplying it with a pseudorandom noise code. This method does not apply to Bluetooth's operational design. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is another multiplexing technique used in other technologies, such as Wi-Fi, but is not utilized by Bluetooth. Time-division multiplexing (TDM) involves dividing the signal into different time slots, which is also not the mechanism Bluetooth uses for data transmission. Thus, frequency-hopping spread spectrum is